Diet is the most important component of gastritis treatment.Depending on some features of the disease, for example, acidity in the stomach, as well as the presence of erosive, atrophic and other forms, the diet may vary in what can and cannot be included in the menu.
If a person has an unbalanced diet, periodically drinks alcohol, smokes and is often exposed to severe stress, a pathology such as gastritis will inevitably develop.This is a disease that causes inflammation of the gastric mucosa and disrupts its integrity.As a result, various unpleasant symptoms appear, the main of which are acute pain in the upper abdomen.In addition, bloating, belching, nausea and vomiting appear, appetite decreases or disappears completely, which often leads to weight loss.Stomach gastritis occurs in different ways, including when it can be caused by an infectious environment, but successful treatment in all cases requires a healthy diet.You should not only change your diet, deciding what you can and cannot eat, but also change the principles of nutrition, dividing the entire amount of food into 5-6 meals and regularizing it with a fixed menu for the whole week.During an exacerbation, the diet should be tightened;In addition, there are some nuances if gastritis is characterized by high or low acidity.
What is possible and what is not allowed for gastritis?
The main differences in diet will be determined by the acidity level.Which indicator is determined for a particular patient during diagnosis before treatment.
increased acidity
In the most common case of increased acidity, you need to adhere to three basic principles:
- Mechanical.Describes a ban on fried foods;Also not allowed are coarse fibers such as bran bread, turnips, turnips and pieces of meat.
- Chemical.He notes that you should avoid foods such as soda, alcohol and citrus fruits, which stimulate the secretion of hydrochloric acid, which is necessary for the digestive process.Also prohibited are concentrated, rich broths based on meat and fish.
- Thermal.It consists of consuming foods with optimum temperatures, which are generally in the range of 16-55 degrees Celsius.If food is hotter or colder, in gastritis this causes irritation of the esophagus, which leads to an increase in the absorption time of food and, accordingly, increased stress on the stomach.
If the environment in the stomach is considered acidic, low-fat types of fish and meat, fermented milk products, omelets or eggs that can be served soft-boiled are suitable for nutrition.Also included in the diet are peeled tomatoes, boiled zucchini, potatoes, etc.can be found.
low acidity
A reduced acidity gastritis diet includes foods that promote increased release of digestive enzymes.To do this, it is also important to normalize the eating procedure.This should be done gradually;It is important to spend at least half a minute chewing a portion of food, and the eating process should take at least half an hour.Drinking slightly carbonated mineral water significantly increases hydrochloric acid secretion;You should drink 200 ml of this water each time before meals.Since snacks are not allowed on the diet, a variety of fruits and vegetables are allowed, which should be eaten immediately after the meal is finished.Fruits and vegetables should be chosen light, based on the principle of absence of hard fibers.To further facilitate the digestive process, it is better to peel the fruits in advance and eat only the pulp.
Low acidity has some benefits over high acidity.Small amounts of chocolate products, light soups and broths, river fish, mushrooms, and lean meats including rabbit and veal are acceptable.Milk derivatives are allowed, but milk itself is better to avoid.
What is not allowed?
If you have any form of acidic gastritis you should not consume the following:
- Baking;
- Chocolate products;
- Fried, spicy foods;
- Alcoholic beverages;
- Foods rich in vegetable or animal fats;
- Vinegar.
How to eat during exacerbation - menu of the week
In case of exacerbation, a compromise must be found and the body receives all the necessary nutrients and microelements, but the diet is neutral and does not irritate the mucous membrane, which is very inflamed.In this case, it is necessary to help digestion as much as possible so that it occurs very quickly.To do this, you should try to chop all the food as much as possible and use only boiling or steaming for cooking.
It is important not only to ensure that the compiled menu is balanced and gentle, but also to strictly adhere to it, eating every day at a strictly designated time.Intervals between doses cannot be more than three hours, otherwise the stomach will empty and the exacerbation will become even more intense.It cannot be transmitted because it is fraught with stomach stagnation.You should eat at least three to four hours before going to bed in the evening.
Oddly enough, during the period of exacerbation it is recommended to spend the first day on an empty stomach.But the stomach still needs to be filled.To do this, you should drink plenty of still water and slightly brewed tea.Any liquid you drink should be warm.From the second day, liquid porridges and mashed potatoes with water are allowed.Also useful will be non-concentrated soup with boiled eggs and grated vegetables.When gastritis worsens, foods rich in fat should be completely eliminated from the diet, as they are very slow to break down.
Menu of the week
Monday and Wednesday:
- Breakfast consisting of oatmeal and compote;
- The second time you can have breakfast with steamed cheesecake;
- Lunch consists of mashed potatoes, vegetable soup with breadcrumbs, boiled fish, compote;
- Afternoon snack - biscuits with light tea;
- Dinner - steamed lean meat cutlets with pasta side dish, light tea.
Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday:
- Breakfast consists of baked apples, cheesecake and compote;
- The second time you should have breakfast with a glass of jelly;
- You should have lunch with vegetable broth, steamed fish, mineral water from gases;
- Afternoon snacks with unsweetened light tea with white bread crackers are allowed;
- For dinner, cottage cheese casserole and compote.
Friday, Sunday:
- You should have breakfast with eggs boiled for 5-6 minutes and washed with compote;
- Eat cheesecake with tea for your second breakfast;
- Lunch vegetable stew, grated potato soup, jelly;
- Afternoon snack - a glass of kefir with crackers;
- Dinner should be boiled fish with porridge in water.
Diet number 1 for gastritis
Diet number 1 is considered quite strict.However, its use is a necessary precaution, since the restoration of normal digestion and the absence of irritation of the gastric mucosa is very important in case of gastritis or if a person has an ulcer.This diet is prescribed after the exacerbation phase of the disease is over.Among the cooking methods, only boiling, steaming and baking can be used.It is extremely important to reduce the amount of salt consumed, since its presence negatively affects the condition of the inner surface of the stomach;Additionally, salt slows down the removal of water from the body.
Diet number 1 involves dividing the entire daily diet into five to six small portions.The total amount of calories consumed cannot exceed 2000.
Among the main dishes that should be included in diet number 1 are:
- Vegetable soup.The vegetable base can be replaced with noodles or rice;
- Lean meat and fish without veins and other difficult to digest elements;
- Bread products should be consumed yesterday, dried, and also in the form of crackers.
In moderation, you can eat fermented milk products such as cottage cheese, yogurt, skim milk.
Cannot be consumed in diet number 1:
- rye bread;
- You will have to give up mushroom and meat-based soups - okroshka, borscht, cabbage soup;
- Smoked products;
- Pickle;
- Fish and other canned foods.
Diet for erosive form
Gastritis is called erosive when the effect of the disease causes erosion of the stomach, called ulcers.An ulcer is a more serious disease that can lead to very serious consequences, such as peritonitis, in which the erosion of the wall gradually leads to an open hole and allows the contents of the stomach to enter the abdominal cavity.This condition is fraught with death without urgent surgical treatment.
The causes of erosion along with the effect of Helicobacter Pylori infection are exposure to substances or excessively acidic gastric juice.Therefore, it is very important to eat right to slow down and reverse the ulcer formation process in erosive gastritis.
The following are the principles on which the diet should be based if the patient has erosive gastritis:
- Foods consumed should minimally irritate the stomach wall and prevent increased acidity;
- You should constantly eat liquid, hot and pureed foods.At the same time, it is necessary to minimize the amount of fat and salt in the diet;
- Refusal of bad habits, spices, soda;
- Vegetables should be cooked using heat treatment;
- In food, emphasis should be on soups and cereals.
Diet and menu if the patient has atrophic gastritis
The atrophic form is relatively difficult to diagnose, as there are no symptoms in the early stage of the pathology.Among the few symptoms of the disease, one can note the presence of very unpleasant smelling belching after fried and fatty foods.Also, the inevitable companions of atrophic gastritis are general weakness, brittle legs and hair and skin problems.
Atrophic gastritis places serious restrictions on the list of what is possible and what is not.You should avoid the following in your diet:
- Black flour products, bakery products;
- Smoked dishes;
- mushrooms in any form;
- Peas, beans;
- Canned food;
- uncooked fruits and vegetables;
- Soda, including mineral water;
- Milk.
Like other diets for gastritis, in the atrophic stage, cooking methods such as frying and smoking are completely prohibited.You can boil, steam or bake food to make it ready for consumption.
With atrophic gastritis it is important to eat:
- Soups based on grated vegetables;
- Various porridges on water;
- boiled lean meat chopped very finely;
- Skimmed milk derivatives;
- boiled egg;
- Unleavened white bread, crackers;
- Heat-treated fruits and vegetables;
- Butter;
- For dessert, you can treat yourself to marmalade, jelly and mousse.